Nepal's rhino translocation program aims to manage population density in Chitwan National Park by relocating rhinos to the eastern sector. Despite concerns from tourism operators and conservationists, the initiative seeks to address rising mortality rates, flooding risks, and poaching threats in the western sector.
Original article written by: Abhaya Raj Joshi
Nepal has witnessed significant success in conserving the greater one-horned rhino, with the population rising from around 100 in the 1960s to 752 in 2021. However, the western sector of Chitwan National Park, a prime rhino habitat, has seen a spike in non-poaching deaths due to overcrowding, territorial fights, and tiger attacks. To address these issues, authorities launched a translocation program to relocate rhinos to the eastern sector of the park.
While six rhinos have already been moved, the initiative has sparked criticism from local tourism operators who worry it will negatively impact the region’s appeal to tourists. The western sector, which boasts the highest concentration of rhinos, has long been a draw for visitors, contributing significantly to the local economy. However, officials maintain that the program is vital for ensuring a sustainable rhino population and mitigating risks like flooding and poaching.
Conservationists have raised additional concerns about the eastern sector’s suitability. Alterations to the Rapti River’s flow and the cessation of human-made ponds and canals in the area have degraded the habitat. They argue that the eastern sector lacks the resources necessary to support a thriving rhino population. Meanwhile, there is skepticism that the relocated rhinos will remain in the eastern region, as the western sector is better suited for breeding and calf rearing.
Despite these challenges, authorities are determined to continue the program. They plan to radio-collar the translocated rhinos to monitor their movements and habitat preferences. Officials believe that balancing the rhino population across the park is essential for long-term conservation efforts and addressing human-wildlife conflicts in Chitwan.